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alternative name
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Any name by which a Person is known, other than their full name.
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Many individuals use a short form of their name, a 'middle' name as a 'first' name or a professional name. For example, the British politician and former UN High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Jeremy John Durham Ashdown, Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon, is usually referred to simply as 'Paddy Ashdown' or 'Lord Ashdown.' It is not the role of the alternative name property to record nick names, pet names or other 'familiar names' that will be of no consequence in public sector data exchange. Furthermore, some individuals have more than one legal name in which case the full name property should be used multiple times. Alternative name gives a means of recording names by which an individual is generally known, or professionally known, even though such names are no more than secondary from a legal point of view.
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birth name
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Full name of the Person given upon their birth.
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The birth name may apply to the surname, the given name, or the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a births register or birth certificate may by that fact alone become the person's legal name. See Wikipedia Birth name page.
All data associated with an individual are subject to change. Names can change for a variety of reasons, either formally or informally, and new information may come to light that means that a correction or clarification can be made to an existing record. Birth names tend to be persistent however and for this reason they are recorded by some public sector information systems. There is no granularity for birth name - the full name should be recorded in a single field.
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citizenship
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Jurisdiction
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The Jurisdiction that has conferred citizenship rights on the Person such as the right to vote, to receive certain protection from the community or the issuance of a passport.
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Citizenship is a relationship between an individual and a state to which the individual owes allegiance and in turn is entitled to its protection.
Citizenship is information needed by many cross-border use cases and is a legal status as opposed to the more culturally-focussed and less well-defined term "nationality". A Person has one, multiple or even no citizenship status. Multiple citizenships are recorded as multiple instances of the citizenship relationship.
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contact point
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Contact Point
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The main contact information of the resource.
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country of birth
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Location
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The country in which the Person was born.
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The Location Class has two properties: a Geographic Name and a Geographic Identifier. Plain codes like "DE" should be provided as values for Geographical Names whereas URIs should be provided as value of the Geographical Identifier. Ideally, provide both. Providing a simple country name is problematic and should be avoided whereas using a standardised system that allows the use of a code list for country names has a lot of potential for increasing semantic interoperability. Known diversity that one has to deal with when exchanging country names between different communication partners without relying on an agreed code list are: (a) long form vs. short form of a country name (e.g. Federal Republic of Germany vs. Germany), (b) different languages (Italy vs. Italia), (c) historic name vs. current name (Burma vs. Myanmar), (d) ambiguity of similar sounding countries (Republic of the Congo vs. Democratic Republic of the Congo). The Publications Office of the European Union recommends and uses ISO 3166-1 codes for countries in all cases except two: use 'UK' in preference to the ISO 3166 code GB for the United Kingdom; use 'EL' in preference to the ISO 3166 code GR for Greece. See Publications Office list of countries for details of the OPOCE's full list of countries, codes, currencies and more. Where a country has changed its name or no longer exists (such as Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia etc.) use theISO 3166-3 code.
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country of death
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Location
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The country in which the Person died.
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The Location Class has two properties: a Geographic Name and a Geographic Identifier. Plain codes like "DE" should be provided as values for Geographical Names whereas URIs should be provided as value of the Geographical Identifier. Ideally, provide both. Providing a simple country name is problematic and should be avoided whereas using a standardised system that allows the use of a code list for country names has a lot of potential for increasing semantic interoperability. Known diversity that one has to deal with when exchanging country names between different communication partners without relying on an agreed code list are: (a) long form vs. short form of a country name (e.g. Federal Republic of Germany vs. Germany), (b) different languages (Italy vs. Italia), (c) historic name vs. current name (Burma vs. Myanmar), (d) ambiguity of similar sounding countries (Republic of the Congo vs. Democratic Republic of the Congo). The Publications Office of the European Union recommends and uses ISO 3166-1 codes for countries in all cases except two: use 'UK' in preference to the ISO 3166 code GB for the United Kingdom; use 'EL' in preference to the ISO 3166 code GR for Greece. See Publications Office list of countries for details of the OPOCE's full list of countries, codes, currencies and more. Where a country has changed its name or no longer exists (such as Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia etc.) use theISO 3166-3 code.
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date of birth
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Generic date
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The point in time on which the Person was born.
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The date of birth could be expressed as date, gYearMonth or gYear, example:
- - 1980-09-16^^xs:date
- - 1980-09^^xs:gYearMonth
- - 1980^^xs:gYear
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date of death
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Generic date
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The point in time on which the Person died.
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The date of birth could be expressed as date, gYearMonth or gYear, example:
- - 1980-09-16^^xs:date
- - 1980-09^^xs:gYearMonth
- - 1980^^xs:gYear
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domicile
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Address
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The place that the Person treats as permanent home.
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family name
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The hereditary surname of a family.
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Usually referring to a group of people related by blood, marriage or adoption. This attribute also carries prefixes or suffixes which are part of the family name, e.g. "de Boer", "van de Putte", "von und zu Orlow". Multiple family names, such as are commonly found in Hispanic countries, are recorded in the single family name property so that, for example, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra's family name would be recorded as "de Cervantes Saavedra".
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full name
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The complete name of the Person as one string.
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It can be equal to or different from a Person's birth name. The birth name is used as a legal term, whereas the full name just gives a representation of the complete name of a Person.
In addition to the content of given name, family name and, in some systems, patronymic name, this can carry additional parts of a person's name such as titles, middle names or suffixes like "the third" or names which are neither a given nor a family name. The full name is the most reliable label for an individual and as such its use is strongly encouraged, irrespective of whether that name is broken down using the more granular elements.
It is anticipated that some systems will only provide or process the full name of a person. Where an individual has more than one full legal name (a relatively rare but not unknown phenomenon), the full name property can be used more than once. In this case, however, the granular name elements should not be used since the intention is that these provide a breakdown of the full name and it will not be clear of which full name this is true. Note that the vocabulary provides an alternative name property. This allows name(s) to be recorded that have no legal status but that nevertheless are the names by which an individual is generally known.
A name usually sticks with a person for a long time period. In some European countries a name may only be changed according to certain laws and life events, e.g. marriage. The name denominates a natural person even if he/she changes their address. Documents like birth certificate or diploma usually don't carry an address but always the name. Thus the name is one of the core attributes. However it is not sufficient to identify a person since there are combinations of very common names like Smith in the UK, Meier in Germany, or Li in China.
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gender
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Code
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The identities, expressions and societal roles of the Person.
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The gender of an individual should be recorded using a controlled vocabulary that is appropriate for the specific context. In some cases, the chromosomal or physical state of an individual will be more important than the gender that they express, in others the reverse will be true. What is always important is that the controlled vocabulary used to describe an individual's gender is stated explicitly.
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given name
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The name(s) that identify the Person within a family with a common surname.
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Usually a first name or forename. Given to a person by his or her parents at birth or legally recognised as 'given names' through a formal process. All given names are ordered in one property so that, for example, the given name for Johann Sebastian Bach is "Johann Sebastian".
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identifier
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Identifier
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The unambiguous structured reference to the Person.
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Examples include a national identification number, a student ID, national fiscal number, etc. We also refer to the eIDAS regulation on "electronic identification and trust services" and its mapping to the Core Person Vocabulary.
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matronymic name
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Name based on the given name of the Person's mother.
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patronymic name
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Name based on the given name of the Person's father.
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Patronymic names are important in some countries. Iceland does not have a concept of 'family name' in the way that many other European countries do, for example. Erik Magnusson and Erika Magnusdottir are siblings, both offspring of Magnus, irrespective of his patronymic name. In Bulgaria and Russia, patronymic names are in everyday usage, for example, the "Sergeyevich" in "Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev". Note that patronymic names refer to a father's given name, not the family name inherited from the mother and father as is the case in countries such as Spain and Portugal. Again referring to the example of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra's, the patronymic name element would be unused.
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place of birth
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Location
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The Location where the Person was born.
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The Place of Birth and Place of Death are given using the Location class which is associated via the appropriate relationship. The Location Class has two properties: (1) the geographic name of the place, which is given as a string such as "Amsterdam" or "Valetta" and (2) an identifier, such as a geonames URI http://sws.geonames.org/2759794 (which identifies Amsterdam) or http://sws.geonames.org/2562305 (which identifies Valetta). The use of identifiers is preferred as these are unambiguous, however, public sector data typically uses simple names to record places and this is fully supported.
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place of death
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Location
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The Location where the Person died.
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The Place of Birth and Place of Death are given using the Location class which is associated via the appropriate relationship. The Location Class has two properties: (1) the geographic name of the place, which is given as a string such as "Amsterdam" or "Valetta" and (2) an identifier, such as a geonames URI http://sws.geonames.org/2759794 (which identifies Amsterdam) or http://sws.geonames.org/2562305 (which identifies Valetta). The use of identifiers is preferred as these are unambiguous, however, public sector data typically uses simple names to record places and this is fully supported.
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residency
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Jurisdiction
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Jurisdiction where the Person has their dwelling.
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A Person's fixed, permanent, and principal home for legal purposes, the place (especially the house) in which a person officially lives or resides. A Person has one, multiple or even no residency status. Multiple residencies are recorded as multiple instances of the residency relationship.
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sex
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Code
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The organism's biological sex.
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The recommended controlled vocabulary for this property is the sex authority table of the Publications Office.
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