Abstract

Introduction

The original Core Public Service Vocabulary Application Profile (CPSV-AP) was prepared in the context of Action 2016.29 – Accessing Member State information resources at European level – Catalogue of Services of the European Commission’s Interoperability for European Public Administrations (ISA) programme. The CPSV-AP has been seen as a first step for creating a model for describing public services related to business and life events, to facilitate the set-up of catalogues of services oriented to businesses and citizens.

CPSV-AP is designed to meet the following use cases:

• facilitating the access to public service information;
• building user-centric catalogues of public services at all levels from regional to a European federated catalogue;
• managing portfolios of public services; and
• finding information of generic and specialised public services.

The specification of the Core Public Service Vocabulary Application Profile is represented in a UML class diagram. The figure here beneath shows the full profile which includes:

• The classes and properties that define the service itself: the necessary inputs, possible outputs, the responsible public authority and the events that trigger service use;
• The classes and properties that describe the context in which the service is offered. This includes relevant legislation and rules of operation for the service; and
• The interface between the service and its users: how and when it can be accessed.

Status

This Application Profile has the status SEMIC Candidate Recommendation published at 2024-01-31.

Information about the process and the decisions involved in the creation of this specification are consultable at the Changelog.

License

Copyright © 2024 European Union. All material in this repository is published under the license CC-BY 4.0, unless explicitly otherwise mentioned.

Terminology

An Application Profile (AP) is a specification that reuses terms from one or more base standards, adding more specificity by identifying mandatory, recommended and optional elements to be used for a particular application, as well as recommendations for controlled vocabularies to be used.

A Core Vocabulary (CV) is a basic, reusable and extensible data specification that captures the fundamental characteristics of an entity in a context-neutral fashion. Its main objective is to provide terms to be reused in the broadest possible context. More information can be found on the SEMIC Style Guide.

Overview

Main Entities

Event

Definition

This class represents an event that can be of any type that triggers, makes use of, or in some way is related to, a Public Service.

Usage Note

It is not expected to be used directly, rather, one or other of its subclasses should be used. The properties of the class are, of course, inherited by those subclasses. The Event class is used as a hook either to a single related Public Service, such as diagnosis of illness being related to application for sickness benefit; or to a group of Public Services, such as all those related to the establishment of a new business.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , has related service , identifier , name .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	0..*	A free text description of the Event.	The description is likely to be the text that a business or citizen sees for that specific Event when looking for relevant Public Services. Public administrations are therefore encouraged to include a reasonable level of detail in the description.
	has related service	Public Service	0..*	The Public Service related to the Event.
	identifier	Literal	1	An Identifier for the Event.
	name	Text	1..*	The Name (or title) of the Event.

Participation

Definition

The Participation class allows to define roles within a certain context.

Usage Note

The CPSV-AP recognises a common role connected with public services, i.e. the Competent Authority.

This simple structure does not allow statements to be made about those participants, such as the start and end date of a contract, nor does it support the inclusion of other roles. The Participation class supports this extra complexity if required, for instance, the description of a service user or a service provider. The model is consistent with the CPOV which in turn is based on the W3C Organization Ontology that supports the common cases simply but allows the complex cases where necessary. The Participation class can be mapped to the Organization Ontology's Membership class that allows more complex relationships and richer metadata to be applied to a role filled by a given Agent.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , has participant , identifier , role .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	1..*	A textual explanation of the Participation.
	has participant	Agent	1	The Agent involved in the Participation.
	identifier	Literal	1	The unambiguous structured reference for the Participation.
	role	Code	1..*	The function of an Agent within a Participation.	This should be provided using a controlled vocabulary. Since this is an extension mechanism for the CSPV-AP, the controlled vocabulary should be decided to suit local implementations.

Public Organization

Definition

An Organization that is defined as being part of the public sector by a legal framework at any level.

Usage Note

Organizations which exist to provide services for its citizens and companies are called Public Organizations. The Public Organization class represents the organization. One organization may comprise several sub-organizations and any organization may have one or more organizational units. Each of these is described using the same properties and relationships.

This definition is consistent with the more detailed definition of a "public sector body" as given in the PSI Directive: "the State, regional or local authorities, bodies governed by public law and associations formed by one or several such authorities or one or several such bodies governed by public law". It further defines a body governed by public law as any body "(a) established for the specific purpose of meeting needs in the general interest, not having an industrial or commercial character; and (b) having legal personality; and (c) financed, for the most part by the State, or regional or local authorities, or other bodies governed by public law; or subject to management supervision by those bodies; or having an administrative, managerial or supervisory board, more than half of whose members are appointed by the State, regional or local authorities or by other bodies governed by public law".

Subclass of

Organization

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: preferred label , spatial .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	preferred label	Text	1..*	A preferred label is used to provide the primary, legally recognised name of the Public Organization, as defined in the ORG Ontology.	Refers to the official or legal name of a Public Organization. An organization may only have one such name in any given language. Primary names may be provided in multiple languages with multiple instances of the preferred label property. This allowed in SKOS for skos:prefLabel, see integrity conditions and subsequent example.
	spatial	Administrative Territorial Unit	1..*	It links an Organization to the Administrative Region(s) that it covers.	The value of the properly should be the URI of the region as defined in an authoritative list of regions. In Europe, this is likely to be the Administrative Territorial Units Named Authority List maintained by the Publications Office's Metadata Registry. The ATU list does not include a geometry. That is, the territory is only identified by its name not its spatial coordinates. This is likely to be the case for similar lists. If geometries are available for the Public Organization's territory, they can be linked from the territorial unit using the Core Location Vocabulary's locn:geometry property.

Public Service

Definition

A Public Service is a mandatory or discretionary set of activities performed, or able to be performed, by or on behalf of a public organisation, publicly funded and arise from public policy.

Usage Note

This class represents the Public Service itself, as it is described in a public service catalogue. Services may be for the benefit of an individual, a business, or other public authority, or groups of any of these. A service exists whether it is used or not, and the term 'benefit' may apply in the sense of enabling the fulfilment of an obligation. As defined in the revised version of the European Interoperability Framework, a European public service comprises any service provided by public administrations in Europe, or by other organisations on their behalf, to businesses, citizens or others public administrations.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: addressee , contact point , description , follows , functions of government , has channel , has competent authority , has cost , has input , has input type , has legal resource , has participation , holds requirement , identifier , is classified by , is grouped by , is part of , keyword , language , name , processing time , produces , related service , requires , sector , spatial , status , thematic area .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	addressee	Code	0..*	The target recipient of the Public Service.	Examples are citizens, business, etc.
	contact point	Contact Point	0..*	The main contact information of the resource.	Note that the contact information should be relevant to the Public Service which may not be the same as contact information for the Competent Authority or any Participant.
	description	Text	1..*	A free text Description of the Public Service.	The description is likely to be the text that potential users of the Public Service see in any public service catalogue. Public administrations are encouraged to include a reasonable level of detail in the description, for instance including basic eligibility requirements for the particular Public Service and contact information.
	follows	Rule	0..*	It links a Public Service to the Rule(s) under which it operates.	The definition of the Rule class is very broad. In a typical case, the competent authority that provides the public service will also define the rules that will implement its own policies. The CPSV-AP is flexible to allow for significant variation in such a scenario.
	functions of government	Code	0..*	The purpose of a government activity, which the public service is intended for.	The possible values for this property are described in the controlled vocabulary COFOG main activity Authority Table of the Publications Office.
	has channel	Channel	0..*	It links the Public Service to any Channel through which an Agent provides, uses or otherwise interacts with the Public Service, such as an online service, phone number or office.
	has competent authority	Public Organization	1..*	It links a Public Service to a Public Organization, which is the responsible Agent for the delivery of the Public Service.	Whether the particular Public Organization provides the public service directly or outsources it is not relevant. The Public Organization that is the Competent Authority of the service is the one that is ultimately responsible for managing and providing the public service. The term Competent Authority is defined in the Services Directive (2006/123/EC) in the following way: "Any body or authority which has a supervisory or regulatory role in a Member State in relation to service activities, including, in particular, administrative authorities, including courts acting as such, professional bodies, and those professional associations or other professional organisations which, in the exercise of their legal autonomy, regulate in a collective manner access to service activities or the exercise thereof".
	has cost	Cost	0..*	It indicates the costs related to the execution of a Public Service for the citizen or business related to the execution of the particular Public Service.	Where the cost varies depending on the channel through which the service is accessed, it can be linked to the channel using the If Accessed Through relationship.
	has input	Evidence	0..*	It links a Public Service to one or more instances of the Evidence class.	A specific Public Service may require the presence of certain pieces of Evidence in order to be delivered. If the evidence required to make use of a service varies according to the channel through which it is accessed, then Has Input should be at the level of the Channel.
	has input type	Evidence Type	0..*	It links a Public Service to one or more instances of the EvidenceType class.
	has legal resource	Legal Resource	0..*	It indicates the Legal Resource (e.g. legislation) to which the Public Service relates, operates or has its legal basis.
	has participation	Participation	0..*	The way how a resource is organized.	The Participation class facilitates the detailed description of how an Agent participates in or interacts with a Public Service and may include temporal and spatial information.
	holds requirement	Requirement	0..*	It links a Public Service to a class that describes the Requirement.	Usage: It describes the needing or using the service, such as residency in a given location, being over a certain age etc. The Requirement class is defined in the Core Criterion and Core Evidence Vocabulary.
	identifier	Literal	1	A formally-issued Identifier for the Public Service.
	is classified by	Concept	0..*	It allows to classify the Public Service with any Concept other than those already foreseen and defined explicitly in the CPSV-AP (Thematic Area, Sector, etc.).	It is a generic property which can be further specialised to make the classification explicit, for instance for classifying public services according level of digitisation, type of audience, etc. The Concept is at its turn related to a Collection, which groups the different concepts into a controlled vocabulary.
	is grouped by	Event	0..*	It links the Public Service to the Event class.	Several Public Services may be associated with a particular Event and, likewise, the same Public Service may be associated with several different Events.
	is part of	Dataset	0..*	A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.	It links a Public Service to the Dataset(s) in which it is being described.
	keyword	Text	0..*	A keyword, term or phrase to describe the Public Service.
	language	Linguistic System	0..*	The language(s) in which the Public Service is available.	This could be one language or multiple languages, for instance in countries with more than one official language. The recommended controlled vocabularies for this property is the Language Authority Table of the Publications Office.
	name	Text	1..*	The official Name of the Public Service.
	processing time	Duration	0..1	The (estimated) time needed for executing a Public Service. The actual information is provided using the ISO8601 syntax for durations.	The actual information is provided using the ISO8601 syntax for durations. Some examples are provided below: Duration Syntax - Syntax 5 years - P5Y 1 month - P1M 3 days - P3D 2 days 4 hours - P2DT4H Durations begin with an uppercase P followed by the number and the relevant designator, formally: P[n]Y[n]M[n]DT[n]H[n]M[n]S, where Y is for years, M for months etc. Note that days and times are separated by an uppercase T which also disambiguates M as meaning month (P2M means 2 months) or minute (PT2M means 2 minutes). Durations may also be defined as a number of weeks so P4W means 4 weeks. A full explanation is provided in the Wikipedia page that references the official ISO standard. This approach is consistent with both schema.org and the W3C OWL Time Ontology.
	produces	Output	0..*	It links a Public Service to one or more instances of the Output class, describing the actual result of executing a given Public Service.	Outputs can be any resource, for instance a document, artefact or anything else being produced as a result of executing the Public Service.
	related service	Public Service	0..*	A Public Service related to the particular instance of the Public Service class.
	requires	Public Service	0..*	The way a Public Service makes use of other Public Services.	One Public Service may require, or in some way make use of, the output of one or several other Public Services. In this case, for a Public Service to be executed, another Public Service must be executed beforehand. The nature of the requirement will be described in the associated Rule or Evidence.
	sector	Code	0..*	The industry or sector a Public Service relates to, or is intended for.	For example: environment, safety, housing. Note that a single Public Service may relate to multiple sectors. The possible values for this property are provided as a controlled vocabulary. The possible values for this property are described in the controlled vocabulary Data theme Authority Table of the Publications Office.
	spatial	Location	0..*	A Public Service is likely to be available only within a given area, typically the area covered by a particular public authority.	A common usage of the spatial property will be to define the Administrative Territorial Unit(s) - typically a country or region - in which a Public Service is available. The Publications Office of the European Union offers a URI set that is suitable for this purpose. In case the ATU code list is not suitable, NUTS or LAU, NAL Place or Geonames are recommended to use, in that order. If those are still not sufficient, we recommend to define your own code list. N.B. The spatial restriction is not meant to be used to describe eligibility or the speed of operation of the service. These aspects will be covered by the Criterion class.
	status	Code	0..1	It indicates whether a Public Service is active, inactive, under development etc. according to a controlled vocabulary.
	thematic area	Code	0..*	The Thematic Area of a Public Service.	For example: social protection, health, recreation, culture and religion, family, traveling economic affairs, tax, staff, environment, etc.

Supportive Entities

Address

Definition

A spatial object that in a human-readable way identifies a fixed location.

Usage Note

An "address representation" as conceptually defined by the INSPIRE Address Representation data type: "Representation of an address spatial object for use in external application schemas that need to include the basic, address information in a readable way."

The representation of Addresses varies widely from one country's postal system to another. Even within countries, there are almost always examples of Addresses that do not conform to the stated national standard. However, ISO 19160-1 provides a method through which different Addresses can be converted from one conceptual model to another.

This specification was heavily based on the INSPIRE Address Representation data type. It is noteworthy that if an Address is provided using the detailed breakdown suggested by the properties for this class, then it will be INSPIRE-conformant. To this very granular set of properties, we add two further properties:

• full address (the complete address as a formatted string)
• addressID (a unique identifier for the address)

The first of these allows publishers to simply provide the complete Address as one string, with or without formatting. This is analogous to vCard's label property.

The addressID is part of the INSPIRE guidelines and provides a hook that can be used to link the Address to an alternative representation, such as vCard or OASIS xAL.

This class belongs to Core Location Vocabulary

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: address area , address ID , administrative unit level 1 , administrative unit level 2 , full address , locator designator , locator name , post code , post name , post office box , thoroughfare .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	address area	Text	0..*	The name of a geographic area that groups Addresses.	This would typically be part of a city, a neighbourhood or village, e.g. Montmartre. Address area is not an administrative unit.
	address ID	Literal	0..*	A globally unique identifier for each instance of an Address.	The concept of adding a globally unique identifier for each instance of an address is a crucial part of the INSPIRE data spec. A number of EU countries have already implemented an ID (a UUID) in their Address Register/gazetteer, among them Denmark. OASIS xAL also includes an address identifier. It is the address Identifier that allows an address to be represented in a format other than INSPIRE whilst remaining conformant to the Core Vocabulary. The INSPIRE method of representing addresses is very detailed, designed primarily for use in databases of addresses. Whilst data that is published in full conformance with the INSPIRE data structure can be made available using the Core Location Vocabulary the reverse is not true since the Core Vocabulary allows much greater flexibility. Many datasets that include address data as one piece of information about something else are likely to have that data in simpler formats. These might be tailored to the specific need of the dataset, follow a national norm, or make use of a standard like vCard. To provide maximum flexibility in the Core Vocabulary, whilst remaining interoperable with INSPIRE Address Guidelines (which EU Member States are obliged to use), the Core Location Vocabulary provides the extra property of full address and makes use of INSPIRE's addressID.
	administrative unit level 1	Text	0..*	The name of the uppermost level of the address, almost always a country.	Best practice is to use the ISO 3166-1 code but if this is inappropriate for the context, country names should be provided in a consistent manner to reduce ambiguity. For example, either write 'France' or 'FRA' consistently throughout the dataset and avoid mixing the two. The Country controlled vocabulary from the Publications Office can be reused for this.
	administrative unit level 2	Text	0..*	The name of a secondary level/region of the address, usually a county, state or other such area that typically encompasses several localities.	Values could be a region or province, more granular than level 1.
	full address	Text	0..*	The complete address written as a string.	Use of this property is not recommended as it will suffer any misunderstandings that might arise through the breaking up of an address into its component parts. This property is analogous to vCard's label property but with two important differences: (1) formatting is not assumed so that, unlike vCard label, it may not be suitable to print this on an address label, (2) vCard's label has a domain of vCard Address; the fullAddress property has no such restriction. An example of a full address is "Champ de Mars, 5 Avenue Anatole France, 75007 Paris, France".
	locator designator	Literal	0..*	A number or sequence of characters that uniquely identifies the locator within the relevant scope.	In simpler terms, this is the building number, apartment number, etc. For an address such as "Flat 3, 17 Bridge Street", the locator is "flat 3, 17".
	locator name	Text	0..*	Proper noun(s) applied to the real world entity identified by the locator.	The locator name could be the name of the property or complex, of the building or part of the building, or it could be the name of a room inside a building. The key difference between a locator and a locator name is that the latter is a proper name and is unlikely to include digits. For example, "Shumann, Berlaymont" is a meeting room within the European Commission headquarters for which locator name is more appropriate than locator.
	post code	Literal	0..*	The code created and maintained for postal purposes to identify a subdivision of addresses and postal delivery points.	Post codes are common elements in many countries' postal address systems. One of the many post codes of Paris is for example "75000".
	post name	Text	0..*	A name created and maintained for postal purposes to identify a subdivision of addresses and postal delivery points.	Usually a city, for example "Paris".
	post office box	Literal	0..*	A location designator for a postal delivery point at a post office, usually a number.	INSPIRE's name for this is "postalDeliveryIdentifier" for which it uses the locator designator property with a type attribute of that name. This vocabulary separates out the Post Office Box for greater independence of technology. An example post office box number is "9383".
	thoroughfare	Text	0..*	The name of a passage or way through from one location to another.	A thoroughfare is usually a street, but it might be a waterway or some other feature. For example, "Avenue des Champs-Élysées".

Agent

Definition

The Agent class is any resource that acts or has the power to act. This includes people, organisations and groups. The Public Organization class, defined in the Core Public Organisation Vocabulary, is a notable subclass of Agent.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: address , identifier , name , participates .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	address	Address	0..*	An Address related to an Agent. Asserting the address relationship implies that the Agent has an Address.
	identifier	Literal	1	An Identifier for the Agent.
	name	Text	1..*	The noun given to the Agent.
	participates	Participation	0..*	The participation in which an Agent is involved.	The Participation class facilitates the detailed description of how an Agent participates in or interacts with a Public Service and may include temporal and spatial information.

Business Event

Definition

A Business Event is a specific situation or event in the lifecycle of a business that fulfils one or more needs or (legal) obligations of that business at this specific point in time.

Usage Note

A Business Event requires a set of public services to be delivered and consumed in order for the associated business need(s) or obligation(s) to be fulfilled. Business Events are defined within the context of a particular Member State. In other words, a Business Event groups together a number of public services that need to be delivered for completing that particular event.

Subclass of

Event

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	type	Code	0..*	It links an Event to a controlled vocabulary of event types.	The recommended Controlled vocabulary to be used is the Business event Vocabulary maintained by the Publications Office of the EU.

Channel

Definition

A medium through which an Agent provides, uses or interacts in another way with a Public Service.

Usage Note

Typical examples include online services, phone, walk-in centres etc.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: availability restriction , description , has input , identifier , opening hours , owned by , processing time , type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	availability restriction	Temporal Entity	0..*	A time during which the resource is not available.	Like the Contact Point, a Channel may not be available at a certain time. For a simple description of the time use the description property of TemporalEntity. For more structured data use the model in Time Ontology, see an example.
	description	Text	0..*	A free text description of the Channel, for example to describe conditions when to use it.
	has input	Evidence	0..*	The property links a Public Service directly to one or more pieces of Evidence.	In the majority of cases, the evidence required to use a Public Service will be independent of the channel through which the service is accessed. The Has Input property should normally be used to link a Public Service directly to one or more pieces of Evidence. However, where the type of Evidence required varies according to the channel used to access the Public Service, then the Has Input property may be used at the Channel level. For example, a digital signature may be required for an online channel, whereas a physical signature may be required for a face to face service provision.
	identifier	Literal	1	An Identifier for the Channel.
	opening hours	Temporal Entity	0..*	A time at which the resource is normally available.	Like the Contact Point, a Channel may be available at a certain time. For a simple description of the time use the description property of TemporalEntity. For more structured data use the model in Time Ontology, see an example.
	owned by	Organization	0..*	The owner of a specific Channel through which a Public Service is being delivered.
	processing time	Duration	0..1	The (estimated) time needed for executing a Public Service which may depend on the Channel chosen.	The actual information is provided using the ISO8601 syntax for durations.
	type	Code	0..1	The type of Channel as defined in a controlled vocabulary.	The recommended controlled vocabularies for this property is the Europass Channel Type Authority Table of the Publications Office. Member States could create subclasses of Channel by adding a e-mail address or an homepage depending on the channel type, in this case vCard could be eventually used.

Collection

Definition

This class represent the way Concepts belong together. Thus, different concepts are grouped and define a controlled vocabulary.

Usage Note

In this context, the CPSV-AP reuses the Collection class as defined in the SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System. For describing the attributes of a Collection (labels, preferred labels, alternative labels, definition, etc.) we refer to SKOS.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: member .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	member	Concept	0..*	It indicates the Concepts that are part of the Collection.

Contact Point

Definition

Information (e.g. e-mail address, telephone number) of a person or department through which the user can get in touch with.

Usage Note

Similarly to the Channel class, a Contact Point may have regular opening hours that are then overridden by, for example, public holidays, using the Temporal Entity class.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: availability restriction , contact page , has email , has telephone , opening hours .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	availability restriction	Temporal Entity	0..*	A time during which the resource is not available.	For a simple description of the time use the description property of TemporalEntity. For more structured data use the model in Time Ontology, see an example. This relation can be used to indicate exceptional closures such as being closed on public holidays.
	contact page	Document	0..*	A web page that could be used to reach out the Contact Point.
	has email	Literal	0..*	An electronic address through which the Contact Point can be contacted.
	has telephone	Literal	0..*	A telephone number through which the Contact Point can be contacted.
	opening hours	Temporal Entity	0..*	A time at which the the resource is normally available.	For a simple description of the time use the description property of TemporalEntity. For more structured data use the model in Time Ontology, see an example.

Cost

Definition

The Cost class represents any costs related to the execution of a Public Service that the Agent consuming it needs to pay.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: currency , description , has value , identifier , if accessed through , is defined by .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	currency	Code	0..1	The currency in which the Cost needs to be paid and the value of the Cost is expressed.	The possible values for this property are described in the controlled vocabulary Currency Authority Table of Publications Office.
	description	Text	0..*	A free text description of the Cost.
	has value	Double	0..1	A numeric value indicating the amount of the Cost.
	identifier	Literal	1	An Identifier for the Cost.
	if accessed through	Channel	0..1	The costs created by the use of different Channels.	For example, if accessed through an online service cf. accessed at a physical location, the cost can be linked to the channel using the If Accessed Through property.
	is defined by	Organization	0..*	It links the Cost class to one or more instances of the Organization class.	This property indicates which Public Organization is the Competent Authority for defining the costs associated with the delivery of a particular Public Service.

Dataset

Definition

A collection of data, published or curated by a single agent, and available for access or download in one or more representations.

Usage Note

This class represents a collection of metadata and where they can be found. For instance, a dataset can be found on a regional public service portal and/or a national eGovernment portal.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , has part , identifier , landing page , publisher , title .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	1..*	A free-text account of the Dataset. This property can be repeated for parallel language versions of the description.
	has part	Public Service	0..*	A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.	It links a Dataset to the Public Service.
	identifier	Literal	0..*	The main identifier for the Dataset, e.g. the URI or other unique identifier in the context of the Catalogue.
	landing page	Document	0..*	A web page that provides access to the Dataset, its Distributions and/or additional information.	It is intended to point to a landing page at the original data provider, not to a page on a site of a third party, such as an aggregator.
	publisher	Agent	1	The Publisher of the Dataset, i.e. an entity (organisation) responsible for making the Dataset available.
	title	Text	1..*	A name given to the Dataset.	This property can be repeated for parallel language versions of the name.

Evidence

Definition

Proof that a Requirement is met.

Usage Note

The Evidence class is defined in the Core Criterion and Core Evidence Vocabulary (CCCEV). Although the wording of the definition is different, the semantics are an exact match for CPSV's Input class which it replaces. Evidence can be any resource - document, artefact - anything needed for executing the Public Service. In the context of Public Services, Evidence is usually administrative documents or completed application forms. A specific Public Service may require the presence of certain Evidence or combinations of Evidence in order to be delivered. In some cases, the Output of one service will be Evidence for another service. Such relationships should be described in the associated Rule(s).

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , identifier , is conformant to , language , name , related documentation , supports requirement , type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	0..*	A free text Description of the piece of Evidence.
	identifier	Literal	1	An Identifier for the piece of Evidence.
	is conformant to	Evidence Type	0..*	Evidence Type that specifies characteristics of the Evidence.	Examples of characteristics could be the layout or the configuration of the Evidence.
	language	Linguistic System	0..*	The language(s) in which the Evidence must be provided.	The recommended controlled vocabularies for this property is the Language Authority Table of the Publications Office.
	name	Text	1..*	The official Name of the piece of Evidence.
	related documentation	Document	0..*	The documentation that contains information.	For instance, a particular template for an administrative document, an application or a guide on formatting the Evidence.
	supports requirement	Requirement	0..*	Requirement for which the Evidence provides proof.
	type	Code	0..1	The type of Evidence as described in a controlled vocabulary.

Evidence Type

Definition

Information about the characteristics of an Evidence.

Usage Note

The Evidence Type and the characteristics it describes are not concrete individual responses to a Requirement (i.e. Evidence), but descriptions about the desired form, content, source and/or other characteristics that an actual response should have and provide (e.g. membership of a class of Evidences).

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: evidence type classification , identifier .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	evidence type classification	Code	0..*	Category to which the Evidence Type belongs.	The categories agreed are left open but could for example specify the layout and content expected for an Evidence. An example could be id cards.
	identifier	Literal	1	Unambiguous reference to the Evidence Type.

Legal Resource

Definition

This class represents the legislation, policy or policies that lie behind the Rules that govern the service.

Usage Note

The definition and properties of the Legal Resource class in the CPSV-AP are aligned with the ontology included in "Council conclusions inviting the introduction of the European Legislation Identifier (ELI)". For describing the attributes of a Legal Resource (labels, preferred labels, alternative labels, definition, etc.) we refer to the ELI ontology.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: related .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	related	Legal Resource	0..*	Another instance of the Legal Resource class that is related to the particular Legal Resource being described.

Life Event

Definition

The Life Event class represents an important event or situation in a citizen's life where public services are required.

Usage Note

Note on the scope: an individual will encounter any number of 'events'; in the general sense of the word. In the context of the CPSV-AP, the Life Event class only represents an event to which a Public Service is related. For example, a couple becoming engaged is not a CPSV-AP Life Event, getting married is, since only the latter has any relevance to public services.

Subclass of

Event

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	type	Code	0..*	It links an Event to a controlled vocabulary of event types.	The recommended Controlled vocabulary to be used is the Life Events Vocabulary maintained by the Publications Office of the EU.

Output

Definition

An output can be any resource - document, artefact - anything produced by the Public Service. In the context of a Public Service, the output provides an official document or other artefact of the Competent Authority (Public Organization) that permits/authorises/entitles an Agent to (do) something.

Usage Note

In some cases, the Output of one Public Service will be used as evidence to fulfil a requirement of another Public Service. Such relationships should be described in the associated Rule(s).

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , identifier , language , name , type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	0..*	A free text Description of the Output.
	identifier	Literal	1	An Identifier for the Output.
	language	Linguistic System	0..*	The language(s) in which the Output is available.	This could be one or multiple languages, for instance in countries with more than one official language. The recommended controlled vocabularies for this property is the Language Authority Table of the Publications Office.
	name	Text	1..*	The official Name of the Output.
	type	Code	0..*	The type of Output as defined in a controlled vocabulary.	Possible values of Output types are: Declaration, Physical object, Code, Financial obligation, Financial benefit, Recognition, Permit.

Requirement

Definition

Condition or prerequisite that is to be proven by Evidence.

Usage Note

Not all public services are needed or are used by everyone. For example, the visa service operated by European countries is not needed by European citizens but is needed by some citizens from elsewhere, or public services offering unemployment benefits and grants are targeting specific societal groups. The CPSV-AP reuses the Core Criterion and Core Evidence Vocabulary for this class. Requirement is a generic class representing any type of prerequisite that may be desired, needed or imposed as an obligation. CCCEV recommends to not use the Requirement class directly, but rather a more semantically-enriched subclass such as Criterion, Information Requirement or Constraint. Also note that the Requirement class is specified at a more abstract level and is not to be used as the instantiation of a Requirement for a specific Agent. To illustrate the notion: the European Directive on services in the internal market defines requirement as any obligation, prohibition, condition or limit provided for in the laws, regulations or administrative provisions of the Member States or in consequence of case-law, administrative practice, the rules of professional bodies, or the collective rules of professional associations or other professional organisations, adopted in the exercise of their legal autonomy.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: fulfils , has supporting evidence , identifier , name , type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	fulfils	Rule	0..*	The Rules that the requirements fulfils.
	has supporting evidence	Evidence	0..*	Evidence that supplies information, proof or support for the Requirement.
	identifier	Literal	1	Unambiguous reference to a Requirement.
	name	Text	1..*	Name of the Requirement.
	type	Code	0..*	Category to which the Requirement belongs.

Rule

Definition

The Rule class represents a document that sets out the specific rules, guidelines or procedures that the Public Service follows.

Usage Note

It includes the terms of service, licence, and authentication requirements of the Public Service. Instances of the Rule class are FRBR Expressions, that is, a concrete expression such as a document, of the more abstract concept of the rules themselves. The CPSV-AP does not envisage instances of the Rule class as machine-readable business rules. Detailed modelling of the rules related to Public Services is out of scope of the CPSV-AP.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , identifier , implements , language , name , type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	1..*	A free text Description of the Rule.
	identifier	Literal	1	An Identifier for the Rule.
	implements	Legal Resource	0..*	It links a Rule to relevant legislation or policy documents i.e. the Legal Resource under which the Rules are being defined.
	language	Linguistic System	0..*	The language(s) in which the Rule is available.	This could be one or multiple languages, for instance in countries with more than one official language. The recommended controlled vocabularies for this property is the Language Authority Table of the Publications Office.
	name	Text	1..*	The Name of the Rule.
	type	Code	0..1	Type of Rule.	For example: a rule for non-disclosure of a dataset, a rule for disclosure of a dataset, etc.

Service Concession Contract

Definition

Concessions are contracts for pecuniary interest by means of which one or more contracting authorities or contracting entities entrusts the execution of works, or the provision and the management of services, to one or more economic operators.

Usage Note

The object of such contracts is the procurement of works or services by means of a concession, the consideration of which consists in the right to exploit the works or services or in that right together with payment. Such contracts may, but do not necessarily, involve a transfer of ownership to contracting authorities or contracting entities, but contracting authorities or contracting entities always obtain the benefits of the works or services in question. The definition comes from the Directive 2014/23/EU.

Subclass of

Concession Contract

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , established under , has contracting authority , has economic operator , identifier , name .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	1..*	A free text description of the Service Concession Contract.
	established under	Legal Resource	0..*	It links a Service Concession Contract to relevant legislation or policy documents i.e. the Legal Resource under which the Service Concession Contracts are being defined.
	has contracting authority	Public Organization	1..*	It links a Service Concession Contract with the Contracting Authority which is ultimately responsible for a public service.
	has economic operator	Organization	1..*	It links a Service Concession Contract with the Economic Operator in charge for the provision and the management of public services.
	identifier	Literal	1	An Identifier for the Service Concession Contract.
	name	Text	1..*	The Name of the Service Concession Contract.

Temporal Entity

Definition

A temporal interval or instant.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , frequency .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	0..*	A textual representation of the Temporal Entity.
	frequency	Code	0..*	The recurrence of an instant or period.	It is recommended to use the frequency from an existing vocabulary like the Frequency from the Publications Office.

Datatypes

	Class	Definition
	Administrative Territorial Unit	A code from a list that represents the administrative territorial unit of the EU Member States, based on national official / legal information and the ISO 3166-2 standard.
	Code	An idea or notion; a unit of thought.
	Document	A document.
	Double	The double datatype is patterned after the IEEE double-precision 64-bit floating point datatype [IEEE 754-2008]. Each floating point datatype has a value space that is a subset of the rational numbers. Floating point numbers are often used to approximat
	Duration	Duration is a datatype that represents durations of time. The concept of duration being captured is drawn from those of [ISO 8601], specifically durations without fixed endpoints.
	Linguistic System	A system of signs, symbols, sounds, gestures, or rules used in communication.
	Literal	The class of literal values, eg. textual strings and integers.
	Location	An identifiable geographic place or named place.
	Text	The text data type is a combination of a string and a language identifier.