Abstract

Introduction

The LFDS Vocabulary provides a minimal set of classes. These are intended to support the Legislative Financial and Digital Statements within EU institutions and the Interoperability Assessments mandated by the Interoperable Europe Act.

Status

This Vocabulary has the status Draft published at 2025-12-17.

Information about the process and the decisions involved in the creation of this specification are consultable at the Changelog.

License

Copyright © 2025 European Union. All material in this repository is published under the license CC-BY 4.0, unless explicitly otherwise mentioned.

Terminology

A Core Vocabulary (CV) is a basic, reusable and extensible data specification that captures the fundamental characteristics of an entity in a context-neutral fashion. Its main objective is to provide terms to be reused in the broadest possible context. More information can be found on the SEMIC Style Guide.

Overview

Main Entities

Action

Definition

An event with at least one agent that is participant in it in a given time.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: at time , has agent role , has next , has Part , has result , related to .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	at time	Temporal Entity Specification	0..*	An Action valid within a time interval.
	has agent role	Agent Role	0..*	The involvement of an agent in a role within this action.	The involvement of the agent may be time dependent.
	has next	Action	0..*	A succeeding action	A request may formulate a repetitive sequence of actions. This property chains the actions together.
	has Part	Work Flow	0..*	A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource.
	has result	Action Result	0..*	A result of an action.
	related to	Action	0..*	Indicates a somehow related other document, not necessarily a legal resource.	This relation cannot reuse the eli URI as it would force the class to be an eli:Expression

Action Result

Definition

The outcome of an Action

Usage Note

It could be an activity (e.g.,to do something) or an physical or digital entiity (e.g.,report).

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: has Manifestation , has title , has type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	has Manifestation	Dataset	0..*	The dataset in which an ActionResult is manifested or recorded.
	has title	Text	0..*	Title of the action result
	has type	Result Type	0..*	A kind of result

Agent

Definition

A legal subject,which refers to any entity involved in an Action,including but not limited to individual entities (such as natural persons or organizations) and groups of entities (such as classes of persons,organizations,or things)

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: has category .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	has category	Agent Category	0..*	Connects the Agent to its AgentCategory.

Assessment

Definition

The intellectual work to evaluate an asset against the criteria of a given scenario.

Usage Note

The Assessment class connects the to be assessed binding requirement with the Organisation performing the assessment and the resulting Statement.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: assesses , assesses , description , policy , results in , type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	assesses	Requirement	0..*	The reference to the asset(s) that are the object of the assessment.
	assesses	Public Service	0..*	The reference to the asset(s) that are the object of the assessment.
	description	Literal	0..*	An account of the resource.
	policy	URI	0..*	A URI which identifies a policy.
	results in	Statement	0..*	The creation of the statements resulting from the assessment.	This relation point towards the result of the Assessment expressed as a Statement.
	type	Code	1	The nature or genre of the resource.

Event

Definition

This class represents an event that can be of any type that triggers, makes use of, or in some way is related to, a Public Service.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , identifier , name .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	0..*	A free text description of the Event.
	identifier	Literal	1	An Identifier for the Event.
	name	Text	1..*	The Name (or title) of the Event.

Legal Expression

Definition

The intellectual realisation of a legal resource in the form of a "sequence of signs" (typically alpha-numeric characters in a legal context). For example, any version of the legal resource whose content is specified and different from others for any reason: language, versions, etc.; Note that ELI ontology accommodates different point of view on what should be considered a new legal resource, or a new legal expression of the same resource. Typically, a consolidated version can be viewed, in the context of ELI, either as separate legal resource (linked to original version and previous consolidated version using corresponding ELI relations), or as a different legal expression of the same legal resource.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: cites , embodies , is part of , is realized by , is realized by .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	cites	Legal Expression	0..*	Citation in the text of the legislation. This may be at the legal resource or legal expression level, as required by the implementation context. This includes verbatim citation and citations in referrals.
	embodies	Manifestation	0..*	Relates a manifestation to the expression that it embodies. Inverse of "is_embodied_by".
	is part of	Legal Expression	0..*	Indicates a work in which this one is physically included. Covers the case of text included in an Official Journal, or an article included in a text.
	is realized by	Work	0..*	Relates a work to an expression of this work in the form of a "sequence of signs" (typically alpha-numeric characters in a legal context).
	is realized by	Work	0..*	Relates a work to an expression of this work in the form of a "sequence of signs" (typically alpha-numeric characters in a legal context).

Requirement

Definition

A portion of legal source expression including a mandate that produces at least one Action.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: changes , has Topic , has topic , has URI , involves Process , is part of , produces , references , references , related to , requires .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	changes	Requirement	0..*	Indicates that this work or expression legally changes another. This encompasses the notions of amendment, replacement, repeal, or other types of change. This may be a direct change (textual or non-textual amendment) or a consequential or indirect change.	This relation cannot reuse the eli URI as it would force the class to be an eli:Expression
	has Topic	Code	0..*	A structure representation of the topic addressed by the Requirement
	has topic	Code	0..*	The topic of the request.
	has URI	xsd:anyURI	0..*	URI of the Request.
	involves Process	Code	0..*	The process addressed, involved and affected by the requirement.
	is part of	Legal Expression	0..1	A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
	produces	Action	0..*	The action that is produced by a request.
	references	Resource	0..*	A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.
	references	Digital Solution	0..*	A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.
	related to	Requirement	0..*	Indicates a somehow related other document, not necessarily a legal resource.	This relation cannot reuse the eli URI as it would force the class to be an eli:Expression
	requires	Resource	0..*	A related resource that is required by the described resource to support its function, delivery, or coherence.

Requirement of Digital Relevance

Definition

A Requirement established by a Legal Expression which has a relevance to digital implementations.

Subclass of

Requirement

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: category .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	category	Code	0..*	The categroy of the Requirement.

Statement

Definition

A value judgement, resulting from the assessment, pertinent to its entirety or to one or more of its specific parts.

Usage Note

This class contains the result of the interoperability assessment performed on the new binding requirements.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: interpretation , judgement , type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	interpretation	Code	1..*	The favourability perception of the statement (e.g. positive, negative or neutral).	This value indicates the effect of the binding requirements on interoperability.
	judgement	Text	1..*	The text expressing the statement's resulting value judgement.	This free text field allows more context to be provided around the judgement.
	type	Code	1..*	The categorisation of the statement.	This property classifies the statement.

Temporal Entity Specification

Definition

A temporal entity specification serving as an abstract class for all temporal specifications. It includes specifications for instants, intervals, frequency, and durations, functioning as the structure for expressing temporal constraints related to normative provisions and other use cases.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: external event , is unspecified .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	external event	xsd:boolean	0..*	Indicates whether a temporal entity specification depends on events outside the regulatory framework's direct control.
	is unspecified	xsd:boolean	0..*	Indicates whether a temporal aspect exists but is undefined.

Work Flow

Definition

An action which describes the flow of work from one to another point.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: high-level Process , is Part Of , trigger .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	high-level Process	Code	0..*	A categorisation indicating the group or type of processes the workflow belongs to
	is Part Of	Action	0..*	A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
	trigger	Text	0..*	An event which results in the start of an action.

Supportive Entities

Agent Role

Definition

A supportive class connecting agents with a role they play.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: for agent , with role .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	for agent	Agent	0..*	The agent for which this AgentRole applies.
	with role	Role	0..*	The property linking an Agent to Role.

Business Event

Definition

A Business Event is a specific situation or event in the lifecycle of a business that fulfils one or more needs or (legal) obligations of that business at this specific point in time.

Subclass of

Event

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	type	Code	0..*	It links an Event to a controlled vocabulary of event types.

Dataset

Definition

A collection of data, published or curated by a single agent, and available for access or download in one or more representations.

Subclass of

Resource

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Literal	1..*	A free-text account of the distribution.

Digital Solution

Definition

A Digital Solution corrseponds to an asset concerning usable within an governemental context of an digital nature. Digital solutions can range from conceptual frameworks to concrete software implementations.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , identifier , title , type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	1..*	An account of the resource.
	identifier	Identifier	1	Links a resource to an adms:Identifier class.		Link
	title	Text	1..*	A name given to the resource.
	type	Code	1..*	The nature or genre of the resource.

Life Event

Definition

The Life Event class represents an important event or situation in a citizen's life where public services are required.

Subclass of

Event

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	type	Code	0..*	It links an Event to a controlled vocabulary of event types.

Location

Definition

An identifiable geographic place or named place.

Usage Note

This class describes a location.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: geographic identifier .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	geographic identifier	URI	0..*	A reference in the form of a Uniform Resource Identifier to the Location.

Manifestation

Definition

The physical embodiment of an Expression,either on paper or in any electronic format.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: is embodied by .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	is embodied by	Legal Expression	0..*	Relates an expression to a manifestation of that expression.

Public Service

Definition

A Public Service is a mandatory or discretionary set of activities performed, or able to be performed, by or on behalf of a public organisation, publicly funded and arise from public policy.

Usage Note

This class represents the Public Service itself, as it is described in a public service catalogue. Services may be for the benefit of an individual, a business, or other public authority, or groups of any of these. A service exists whether it is used or not, and the term 'benefit' may apply in the sense of enabling the fulfilment of an obligation. As defined in the revised version of the European Interoperability Framework, a European public service comprises any service provided by public administrations in Europe, or by other organisations on their behalf, to businesses, citizens or others public administrations.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description , identifier , is grouped by , name , spatial .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Text	1..*	A free text Description of the Public Service.	This free text field describes the Public Service.
	identifier	Literal	1..*	A formally-issued Identifier for the Public Service.	This property uniquely identifies a Public Service.
	is grouped by	Event	0..*	It links the Public Service to the Event class.
	name	Text	1..*	A name given to the resource.	This text field provides the name of the Public Service.
	spatial	Location	0..*	Spatial characteristics of the resource.	This relation points towards the geographical area to which the Public Service applies.

Resource

Definition

Resource published or curated by a single agent.

Usage Note

This class represents any dataset, standard, solution etc. referenced in the new binding requirements.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Literal	1..*	An account of the resource.

Role

Definition

Function played by an Agent involved in a Request.

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: has type .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	has type	Role Type	0..*	A kind of Role

Specification

Definition

Precise requirements that are needed for the implementation of a solution. A specification is not necessarily a standard.

Subclass of

Dataset

Properties

For this entity the following properties are defined: description .

	Property	Range	Card	Definition	Usage
	description	Literal	0..*	An account of the resource.

Datatypes

	Class	Definition
	Code	An idea or notion; a unit of thought.
	Literal	The class of literal values,eg. textual strings and integers.
	Text	The text data type is a combination of a string and a language identifier.
	URI	anyURI represents an Internationalized Resource Identifier Reference (IRI). An anyURI value can be absolute or relative, and may have an optional fragment identifier (i.e., it may be an IRI Reference).
	xsd:anyURI	An anyURI represents an Internationalized Resource Identifier Reference (IRI).
	xsd:boolean	A boolean represents the values of two-valued logic.